Hermeneutyka Hansa Roberta Jaussa jako filozofia dziejów literatury

Abstract

Consisting of two parts, the text is primarily a presentation of the German literary scholar’s concept, Hans Robert Jauss, with particular emphasis on his postulate about renovation of the study of the history of literature. In this project is recognized philosophical character, which is evidenced by numerous Jauss’s references to philosophical and aesthetic tradition, especially to Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutics. The author of History literature as a Provocation had developed in essence a specific philosophy of the history of literature, although he does not declare this outright. Jauss’s considerations on the crisis of literary historiography leads him to criticism of certain models of the history of literature. He recognizes and discusses limitations of philosophical models rising from the Hegel’s historiosophy, Marxism and Russian formalism. The fundamental shortage of these concepts is the lack of take into account of historically variables and dynamic processes of reception. According Jauss indeed in a light of the historical influence is revealed factual rank of works of art, therefore the new method of literary historiography needs to reorient toward the aesthetic of reception. The most important category, which Jauss introduces in this context, is the ‘horizon of expectations’. The second part of the text is devoted to the philosophical and aesthetic problems that can be recognized in Jauss’s hermeneutics. These are: the relationship between diachrony and synchrony, revision of the concept of ‘history’, hermeneutical community of experiences, and the problem of openness of a text and the limits of an interpretation.