Działanie fizykalne

Abstract

The paper aims at analysing Anna Pałubicka’s position, where she confronts two types of thinking and the corresponding attitudes or kinds of knowledge, that is the spontaneous-practical thinking and the metaphysical-theoretical thinking. The former is of a handy nature, and the latter – of a reflective nature. Pałubicka claims that both the types are present in the European tradition, but during the period of postmodernity the spontaneous-practical thinking definitely dominates. She sees this as a threat to the Western society which members lose the ability to reflect from the point of view of the impartial observer. They manipulate the beliefs rather than reflecting on them. The author’s guess is that this threat must not be ignored. However, one should notice that reflection is possibly linked with the beliefs, since a (wo)man is a social, that is interpretable creature. He therefore postulates that what can be found among numerous communities is a group which members approach the world in the handy way while not ceasing to reflect on it. A physical action, for example an utterance, is what allows one to define the relation between the belief and the physical event.